Pneumatic tool.



H. E. LB GENDRE & G. LEIGH.

PNEUMATIC TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV, 3, 1910.

Patented June 24,1913.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

INVENT (5% Q I I a I ll WITNESSES:

H. E. LB GENDRE (i G. LEIGH.

PNEUMATIC TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 3, 1910.

Patented June 24,1913.

2 SHEETSSHHET 2.

INVENTORS WITNESSES:

it strives rilrivrossvo.

HENRY E. LE GENDER 'CRESSKILL, NEW JERSEY, AND GEORGE LEIGH, OF 'ZQEK, N. 11, ASSIGNORS TO E. W. BLISS COMPANY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A

CQRPORA'EIQN OF WEST VIRGINIA.

PNEUMATIC TOOL.

Specification of Letters ZPatent.

Patented June 24., 1913.

Application filed November 3, 1910. Serial No. 580,483.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HENRY E. LE GEN- nnn and Gnonon LEKH, citizens of the United States, residing, respectively, at Cresslrill, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, and in the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to pneumatic tools having a reciprocating plunger or hammer. lts objects are to so improve the construction of such instruments that interruption in the operation thereof, due to solid particles or bbst-ruct-ions lodging themselves in the fluid ducts or passages. may be minimized; that the instrument may be more durable, that a more reliable and etlicient action of the valve controlling the motive fluid from the supply pipe may he secured, and also to improve the construction generally whereby the parts may be conveniently manufactured, conveniently and accurately assembled, securely held together, and a smooth, ctficicnt, and reliable working of the whole instrument attained. l

The invention is embodied in a tool body creasing having suitable chambers therein for the-reception of the parts, ports andpsssages to snd'from parts thereof andto the exterior of the instrument. a reciprocat ing plunger or hnnnner, which has an addi 'tional function of participating in the control of the motive fluid within the inst-rumeht, and valve mechanism, also having suit-able ports and passages therein controlhug the atlmlsshanv of motive fluid to the rear oithe plunger and certain exhaust op reations.

The control of the motive fluid admitted to the instrument is divided between the valve and the plunger, no air being ppssed through the valve, which is i nperiorete; The valve being thus without passages, reduces the liability of stoppage of the tool by clogging; It nlso enables the valve to be constructed with larger bearing surfaces whereby west is reduced.

The invent-ion further includes a particular form of closing and locking means for the end of the casing. This part of the invention is, however, claimed in a divisional application, Serial No. 665,164, filed Dec. 11, 1911.

' For a detailed description of the invention reference will he had to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is 9. vertical section of a tool constructed according to my invention, showing the plunger in its upper position. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the plunger in a lower position, near the end of its working stroke. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the-valveboxcup. Fig. liso. sectional view thereof on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; and F ig. 5 is a. plan view of the top of the valve boxing. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the boxing on the line B6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the boxing on the line 77 of Fig. 5;

lg. 8 is an underside view of the bottom of the boxing; Fig. 9 is e plan view of the top of the casing; and Fig. 10 is a view of the valve proper. s

In the drawings A represents the casing of the tool, B the plunger or hammer within said casing and'adapted to be reciprocated therein, C the valve mechanism as a Whole, also contained withinthe casing, and. D a cup or plug for closing the upper end of the casing. A

Thecasing A has a bore longitudinally therethrough of different diameters at tlifi'erent points of its length.

1 The upper part A of the bore A is of relatively large diameter and is adapted to contain the valve mechanism. It is also adapted to receive the cap I), and for this purpose itis provided with screw-threads a at its outer end. There is also preferably provided a longitudinal slota in the casing at this part of the bore which is adapted to actas a guide for a centering pin a on the valve-box, as hereinafter described. EX- tending into the pert A of the bore from the exterior of the casing are a. plurality of i movmnent of the plunger.

trapped upon the soroed.

4o passage 'W.

5 poi. L-llOlES- The intermediate portion A ofthe bore 1S or less diameter than that oil the portion B. The lower end a" is of still less dia1n- 1o etor than. the portion A of the bore and there is thereby formed a shoulder a he tweenv the two parts, a con. sending.shouh der 5' ring formed on the plunger or hammer whereby to limit the dowmvard Adjacent to the shoulder a". and at or near the lower part of the portion so 01 the bore, is preferably formed an annular recess or groove a in whieh a. quantity of air is adapted to he downward stroke of the plunger to cushion the same, and relieve the-instrument of shock when not operating against an objector when the impact of the plunger upon an object is not wholly ab- As this portion orof the here is of less diameter than the portion A there is formed between these two portions :1 shoulder a. This shoulder a provides a. seal; against which the valve-boxing C may be so secured and also presents a surface from which ducts or lmssages W-X--Y and Z leading to (lifierent portions of the portion Pt of the bore may he drilled. Passage l l has two ports w and w communicating with the portions ll? of the here different longitndinal points. Passage has hot, one port which (301'11311111'1'1l62ll95 with said portion A of the here at; point approximately in line with and to one side of port, w oi Passage Y also has two ports 14 and z the latter communicating with A... of the bore in proximitjr to shoulder a therein. films but one port which communicates with the bore at a point approximately in line "with and to one side of port w of passage W, and preferably slightly above port y of passage Y.

lo. the lower end of casing A there may he formed a recess or socltc" AF W'llllln which 111a he inserted the shank or butt; of a tool or other device to he hammered upon. This recess may. l'aoweror. be dispensed with. and the end of the casing suitably shortened.

lChe valve mechanism C comprises a plnrality of parts C, C and C (illustrated in detail. in Figs. 3-9 inclusive.) C is a boxing or loosing for the slide or valve proper C, which is preferably formed a piston and prm d with a longitudinal bore 0 '60 therein. it is also prrwided with a. number.

of passages and ports. the free passageway through the lllifltil'lly of which is cont-willed by said valve C in the upperend oi this .1, and contains the plunger or hammer.

groove 0 on the outer side of the hozrin in the casing i (or with. eess .12? therein), and with plaeed pin. or stud 0 adopted to insure that the parts Will register pr when asseniihled. jnotch or slot o in the upper end oi the formed therein.

J Tlhere is also a series of passages (which last-named passages are in oi essors boxing C there is preferably formed aft-axis or recess 0 for the reception or the cap (3*. Drilled longitudinally through. this horn; G is a series of longitudinal passages communicating with the par A of the bore in the casing. passages c "c also in communication with the bore 0 of boxing C through an annular slot or groove 0* which extends into the same. s: of radial passages c is also drilled through this boxing to the bore 0 in the 2 l thereof, which passages register: with o in casing A. or with grooves or recess 07* therein. These passages c pr l l located in proximity to groove reterr" to above.

Extending from the bottom r said boxing; C to the lower part of the horr is a passage 0, registering, when the bi xm ing is in place in the casing", with pa. Y in the letter. Extending from the upper.

part of the bore 0 to the outer side oi. the

boxing is a passage 0" which is in. coininn cation with one of the passages 11'' thrr Communicating with the bottom 0: 5 the ho a is o'passege o" which registers with the passage W in the casing. Th. i a passage 0 extending lonmtn through the boxing end lfig'lfat no I" the passage Z in the casing A when the ho ing is in place, and a pas. a e from the hottom off the boxing C in the side thereoit-(see 5 registering with one of the oi the valve hoe: cap may enter.

C is a cap which fits over the too i l boxing: C, and in the recess 0" prer This cap has o. mm .217 therethroug 1, this bore home: of sin ameter than the bore 0 in ing from the bottom of said cap tot (3 therein. which series of ister with the series 0 in honing reel communication with the here casing in rear of the plunger 33 when the herring; v in place). These passages preferably coinmnnicate with the bore 0 in the esp through groove'or recess 0' formed in the Wall of the here, which insures the ins taneons admission of s copious supply oi" ITlOtH'Q-fillld upon uncovering 0:1 the groove.

.hy an extension on Valve G hereafter to be loo A'iIAELABLE COPY described. This cap C also has a passage 0 therethrough registering at its bottom 'there is preferably a groovec in the top face of cap C leading from the main airsupply passage to this passage 0 to facilitate passage of motive-fluid thereto. To insure that the passages in cap C shall properly re ister with those in boxing C, a pin or stu 0 may be formed thereon which will enga e with the slot or notch c in boxing (1; l ese various passa es and bores of the valve mechanism may lee formed by very convenient manufacturing operations by making the parts separately as they are shown. Those passages running longitudinally through the parts may be easily drilled from one or the other ends of the'parts, and those runnin transversely may likewise be easily drille from the sides of the parts. The transverse parts of these passages which are angular 'may be conveniently formed by drilling from the outer sides into or through the longitudinal parts of the passages, and, if desired, filling the outer portions of these drill holes. The outer portions of such drill holes may, however, be left open, so as to facilitate cleaning of the )assa es and access me be ver readil had to them by removing the parts from the casing. In practice passages in cap 0 are more liable to become stopped or clogged by particles of solid matter (such as particles of dirt, particles of rubber from the fluid supply-hose usually employed, etc.) than the others, and it is therefore especially desirable to leave open the outer portions of the drill holes by which the transverse portions of these passages are formed. It is also desirable to provide a considerablenumber of these passages 0 and of the passages 0 in boxing O with which passages 0 register. The groove 0 "on the exterior of the boxing C may be conveniently formed by a burriug tool.

Valve C is preferably of cylindrical form and preferably made hollow to lighten the -.same. An annular groove 0 is formed therein, through which passages c and passage 0 in boxing C, may alternately be placed in communication with. passages 0 which in turn communicate with. port-openlugs a leading to the exterior of the tool,

-- It is of approximately the same diameter as the bore 0 of the boxing G", in which bore it is, adapted to fit and have a limited sliding or reciprocating movement. The bottom 0 of this valve 0 is, also preferably slightly concaved, in, order that-motive-fluid may get under it at proper times, as Will hereinaftermore fully appear.

The plunger B is preferably of cylindrical. form and of approximately the same diameter as the portion A" of the bore in casing A, within which it fits and is adapted to reciprocate. The plunger has a reduced end I)" of approximately the same diameter as the reduced portion a of the bore A and a shoulder b which is adapted to abut against the shoulder a on the interior of the.

casing. It also has a nose or projection 6 which is adapted to come in contact with the object to be operated upon. There is also provided on the plunger an annular groove 6*, through which communication may be established between certain of the passages leading into the bore A as will be hereinafter fully described.

l) and E indicate, respectively, a plug or cap for closing the end of the casing A, and a nut for locking said-plug in place. This plug or cap D has a cylindrical portion. preferably having screw-threads (Z' thereon, and isadapted to fit within the upper part A of the bore and press upon or bepressed llllOlL the cap. C so as to hold the parts of the valve mechanism together and to press the whole upon shoulder a in the interior interior screw threads by which the end of a supply-pipe is connected. Lock nut E is of cylindrical form having screwthreads e thereon. This nut is of approximately the same diameter as the upper part A of the bore in casing A, and the threads 0 thereon are adapted to engage with the threads (6' in the casing. It also. has squared faces 0 which may be engaged by a wrench. and, a conical or tapering bore (1 of approximately thesau e size as the tapered extension (Z of plugtl), which extension is adaptedto pro jet-t into said bore. The nut is preferably split whereby it may be spread when the nut and plug: are. pressed into engagement.

in cap (I and passagss (2 in the boxing C.

This will Llrivolfhc plunger 1? forward with relatively groa force, whereby its nose 7) may he can v,l lo (lQllVCl a lalow upon the curl Ill hull" of a tool inserted in socket A in i'hs lOWtI and. of the'casin Fluid in front of {he plungsi' will be expelled or exhausloil through port 7 and passage Y, passagvs ("'3 annular groove in valve C passugss' (it. groove oi and porhopenings a ls ll (2 plunger l3 moves forward, and preferably near the llll llii of its forwarf mow?- iiionl', ii; will uncover po-il :a of passage [5 amla monmnt lalai', pref arm port f of passage a.

If will ,also preferably simullancousl close port m ol: i385.-

gg'e X. and incimzu ly pori w of passage l;

Passage 93 listing; in constant l'filillllllilltlllOil Willi l'lie inotivolluirfl supply through (7' passage i and groove 0 lluicl under pressure will mimill; to tho annular groove 5" in pliu i: ll and thence fh'i-ougli port ;1 pas saga Y and port 3/" lo the More in front of the plui D, there tosljie entrapped between 21ml uipresseil by the slioulclsr i) on the jiiwii' 'lr part of he plungeiflaiid the shoulcler lzlao Casing. This comprf ssion of mei Ll (llSlllOflE lho plungor on its for- \Yillkl smoke ai'ul DlJIJVlllQS llio moiii'e force herring f?" behind valvs U. The area of the icl presthe plui' B is expollml oi. exhausted to n of easing i "ough passages 0 annular recess :"2 11' 'alve C groove 11? am! poi'hholes a. As

rl lo the fluid pressure in moves l'(2-1\'\i11'(l it will uncover I I\ I It N sunultaneously, polls w or" pass i and lHllill passages vxlemlmg won: snul l v -E iiisin 601311;

sage ll and w of passages l1; anal cover pref yahly aimullu'meously dis w- 0* passage ll and of Z. Port w is in (Oll'llfilllllCflllOll with the lower plum of the bore in boxing [1, through bassags and passage 0". The upper and of valve C being constantly subject to the pressure of lh llllld in passage (Z and; tho supply 01% fluid to the lower part of the bore in boxing" 0' being {through Z and W, etc.) now cu: oil the valve Will be formal (lowliward. fluid in the year thereof being expelled or exhausted through age c, pas-- sage W, port into the part of the bore in th s, CHE-31110 out through port :11" of l5? passage ionggumlnal pa s mg Wlil'] ihe into L aha oa i and said cap hav ng}; mic

is commuiz' 0' 5 m and a vap said hi passages therein and cap lla (liual hose, racial p said hove "to ills Q11, ai'ifl coin l1 ing; with saicl la'mi i 33 ssi boxingv ancl sairl hoxin which said cap fits.

3. lo a pnemiial'ic tool, a nism comprising a boxing, a and a cap. said bOYsTlllg having lfill l's passages therein. said cap having a.

valve .liTL-Clliliongiluilinal ho-o. radial pass-mm passin mom said how lo its .iou and woman Faking w'illi saiol lmigil mlapi'erl to lug, Siiil l boxing lia'vii ((H'Pl the sxlerior sages of said cap l lo a. pneumai'ii: hism coinpl'isingm l and a cap, sai l va a valve mocha a vaive-propon oi'op having a bocly portion and an oxloiisioii oi" loss ilinmolfer than said body pommzi. saiil hoxiitig having passages therein and a bore, in which the body poilion 01 said valve :ii'opoi is afl'apled lo lit. and said (no having; a bore in which tho uxl'ensioi'i on Hillll valve is :ulaplecl lo fit bore to the exterior of said cap, said radial passagescommunicating with said passages in said boxing.

In a pneumatic tool, a-valve mecha nism comprising a boxing, a valve-proper, and a cap, said valve-proper ha\-ing a body portion and an extension of less diameter than said body portion, said boxing having passages therein and a bore in which the body portion of said valve-proper is adapted to fit, and said cap having abore in which the extension on said valve is ada ted to fit and radial passages extending i i'om said bore to the exterior of said cap, said radial passages communicating with said passages in said boxing, and said boxing having a flange thereon covering the exterior ends of said radial passages in said cap. In witness whereof, we have hereunto 'signed our names in the presence of two 20 subscribing Witnesses.

HENRY E. LE GENDRE. GEORGE LEIGH.

Vitnesses Enw. REIDH'EADL VA. B. (inoynn/ 

